Does the Bible teach a “balanced” view of righteousness by faith, so salvation is 50 percent by faith and 50 percent by works? If that question is too easy, then is it 99 percent by faith and 1 percent by works?
It appears superficially—on the surface—that the apostle James says it’s 50/50 by both: “ye see then how that by works a man is justified, and not by faith only” ( 2:24). He seems—superficially—to contradict Paul, for Paul says boldly that “by grace are ye saved through faith, and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God: NOT of works, lest any man should boast” (Eph 2:8, 9).
When he says emphatically it’s “not of works” he means not even 1 percent. His impassioned Letter to the Galatians is on one side of the perennial debate: “I do not frustrate the grace of God [even 1 percent ‘works’ will frustrate that grace!]: for if righteousness come by law, then Christ is dead in vain” (2:21). There’s no “balance” between righteousness by faith and righteousness by works (Laodicean lukewarmness hot and cold water “balanced;” this confusion is Laodicea’s problem).
The apparent conflict (it troubles many) is resolved as clear as sunlight: salvation is TOTALLY of grace through faith, but the “faith” is not dead; it’s a living faith “which works.” Its fruit: obedience to all the commandments of God (Gal. 5:6). James is not pitting faith against works or vice versa; he pits a living faith against a dead faith. “Faith without works is dead”! Both apostles are totally agreed on that.
In modern language, “law righteousness” can be translated as “egocentric motivation.” Paul points us to Christ’s cross: in His sacrifice, was He motivated even 1 percent by egocentric concern for Himself? His assurance to the believing thief APPEARS to say yes (“Hang on, fellow victim; you and I will be in Paradise today!”). But that was in the morning when the sun was shining; “at the sixth hour there was darkness over all land” including the heart of the Son of God. He cried, “My God, why hast Thou forsaken Me?” He “poured out His soul unto death,” even the second (Isa. 53:12). Not even 1 percent of an egocentric motivation—totally love for us, none for Himself.
That was agape.
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